77-06-5 赤霉素

赤霉素

英文名称:gibberellin A3
CAS:

77-06-5

分子式:C19H22O6
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赤霉素简介

Gibberellic acid (also called Gibberellin A3, GA, and GA3) is a hormone found in plants and fungi. Its chemical formula is C19H22O6. When purified, it is a white to pale-yellow solid.
However, plants produce low amounts of GA3, therefore this hormone can be produced industrially by microorganisms. Nowadays, it is produced by submerse fermentation, but this process presented low yield with high production costs and hence higher sale value. One alternative process to reduce costs of the GA3 production is Solid-State Fermentation (SSF) that allows the use of agro-industrial residues.
Gibberellic acid is a simple gibberellin, a pentacyclic diterpene acid promoting growth and elongation of cells. It affects decomposition of plants and helps plants grow if used in small amounts, but eventually plants develop tolerance to it. GA stimulates the cells of germinating seeds to produce mRNA molecules that code for hydrolytic enzymes. Gibberellic acid is a very potent hormone whose natural occurrence in plants controls their development. Since GA regulates growth, applications of very low concentrations can have a profound effect while too much will have the opposite effect. It is usually used in concentrations between 0.01 and 10mg/L.
GA was first identified in Japan in 1926, as a metabolic by product of the plant pathogen Gibberella fujikuroi (thus the name), which afflicts rice plants; fujikuroi-infected plants develop bakanae ("foolish seedling"), which causes them to grow so much taller than normal that they die from no longer being sturdy enough to support their own weight.; Gibberellins have a number of effects on plant development. They can stimulate rapid stem and root growth, induce mitotic division in the leaves of some plants, and increase seed germination rate.
Gibberellic acid is sometimes used in laboratory and greenhouse settings to trigger germination in seeds that would otherwise remain dormant. It is also widely used in the grape-growing industry as a hormone to induce the production of larger bundles and bigger grapes, especially Thompson seedless grapes. In the Okanagan and Creston valleys, it is also used as a growth replicator in the cherry industry. It is used on Clementine Mandarin oranges, which may otherwise cross-pollinate with other citrus and grow undesirable seeds. Applied directly on the blossoms as a spray, it allows for Clementines to produce a full crop of fruit without seeds.

赤霉素基本信息

中文名称 赤霉素 英文名称 gibberellin A3
中文别名

九二O; 激倍靈A3; 赤霉酸; 九二零; 赤霉素GA3; 赤霉素A3; 2,4a,7-三羟基-1-甲基-8-亚甲基赤霉-3-烯-1,10-二羧酸-1,4a-内酯; 赤霉素A; 奇宝; 九二0;

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英文别名

Gibb-3-ene-1,10-dicarboxylic acid, 2,4a,7-trihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylene-, 1,4a-lactone, (1-,2α,4a-,4bα,10α)-; GIB; (1S,2S,4aR,4bR,7S,9aS,10S,10aR)-1,2,4b,5,6,7,8,9,10,10a-decahydro-2,7-dihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylene-13-oxo-4a,1-(epoxymethano)-7,9a-methanobenz[a]azulene-10-carboxylic acid; gibberellic acid; Maxon; GIBBEX; GIBREL; Grocel; (3S,3aR,4S,4aS,6S,8aR,8bR,11S)-6,11-dihydroxy-3-methyl-12-methylene-2-oxo-4a,6-ethano-3,8b-prop-1-enoperhydroindeno[1,2-b]furan-4-carboxylic acid; ryzup; GA3; pgr-iv; (3S,3aS,4S,4aS,7S,9aR,9bR,12S)-7,12-dihydroxy-3-methyl-6-methylene-2-oxoperhydro-4a,7-methano-9b,3-propenoazuleno[1,2-b]furan-4-carboxylic acid; Ralex; UVEX;

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CAS号 77-06-5 分子式 C19H22O6
分子量 346.37400 精确质量 346.14200
PSA 104.06000 LOGP 1.02710

赤霉素编号系统

UNII BU0A7MWB6L

赤霉素物化性质

外观与性状:
白色结晶粉末
密度:
1.493 g/cm3
沸点:
628.595ºC at 760 mmHg
熔点:
227 °C
闪点:
231.438ºC
折射率:
81 ° (C=2, MeOH)
水溶解性:
5 G/L (20 º C)
稳定性:
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with acids, strong oxidizing agents.
储存条件:
库房通风低温干燥,与食品原料分开储运

安全信息

RTECS号:
LY8990000
安全说明:
S26; S36
危险类别码:
R36
WGK Germany:
3
海关编码:
29322980
危险类别:
5.2
危险品标志:
Xi

生产方法及用途

生产方法

1.由gibberella fujikuroi菌种培养液通入无菌空气发酵后提炼精制而得。接种量为最终发酵罐液的4%,在温度为25~30℃下,不断搅拌和通风,搅拌过程中,用十八碳醇做抗沫剂。发酵完毕后,溶液用氢氧化钡沉淀并过滤。然后在阳离子交换树脂上,在pH=
5 0时吸附并用NH3或其他碱性缓冲液洗脱,再进行精制处理而得。
2.赤霉素可用发酵方法生产。利用赤霉菌在麸皮、蔗糖和无机盐等培养基中进行发酵,赤霉菌代谢产生赤霉素,发酵液经溶媒提取、浓缩即得。
3.现都采用发酵法制取。发酵液经过离子交换树脂 Amberlite XAD-4柱,水洗至干净后,以90%丙酮的水溶液洗脱,收集洗脱液并且浓缩干燥,成品中赤霉酸含量90%以上。

用途

用作植物生长调节剂,用于马铃薯、番茄、稻、麦、棉花、大豆、烟草、果树等,促进其生长、发芽、开花、结果。

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核磁图谱 1H NMR : Predict

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国家名称 海关编码 海关数据更新时间 操作
中国 29322980 2019-03 申报要素
赤霉素
CAS号:77-06-5 分子式:C19H22O6 分子量:346.37400

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