对乙酰氨基酚

Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 4

Skin irritation, Category 2

Skin sensitization, Category 1B

Eye irritation, Category 2

Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statement(s)	H302 Harmful if swallowed H315 Causes skin irritation H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H319 Causes serious eye irritation
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
Response	P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P332+P313 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P333+P313 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
Storage	none
Disposal	P501 Dispose of contents/container to ...

none

Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

Give one or two glasses of water to drink.

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of overexposure to this compound include nausea, vomiting, cyanosis from methemoglobinemia, injury to the liver, kidneys, central nervous system and heart, circulatory collapse, drowsiness, confusion, liver tenderness, low blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmias, jaundice, acute renal failure, death due to liver necrosis, metabolic acidosis, hepatic damage and cirrhosis. Other symptoms include changes in exocrine pancreas, diarrhea, irritability, somnolence, general anesthesia, fever and hepatitis. Diaphoresis and general malaise may occur. Exposure may lead to hematological reactions and, occasionally, skin rashes and other allergic reactions. The rash is usually erythematous or urticarial, but sometimes it is more serious and may be accompanied by drug fever and mucosal lesions. Exposure to large amounts may lead to pallor, anorexia, abdominal pain, abnormalities of glucose metabolism and hepatic encephalopathy. It may also lead to epigastric pain, sweating, paresthesias of distal extremities, muscular aching, weakness, dizziness, central nervous system depression (rare), pain in the upper right quadrant, enlarged liver, oliguria, anuria, coagulation defects and myocardiopathy characterized by ST segment abnormalities, T-wave flattening and pericarditis. This compound can cause purpura, generalized bleeding and hypoglycemia. It can also cause neutropenia, pancytopenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and nephrotoxicity. Other symptoms may include wheezing, general discomfort, blood changes including many anemias (aplastic anemia), central nervous system stimulation, swollen tongue, rapid pulse, skin eruptions, chills, excitement, delirium, vascular collapse and convulsions. Irritation of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract may occur. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This compound may be harmful by ingestion and inhalation. It may cause irritation of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

Emergency and supportive measures. Spontaneous vomiting may delay the oral administration of antidote or charcoal and can be treated with metoclopramide or a serotonin receptor antagonist such as ondansetron. Provide general supportive care for hepatic or renal failure if it occurs. Emergency liver transplant may be necessary for fulminant hepatic failure. Encephalopathy, metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia, and a progressive rise in the prothrombin time are indications of severe liver injury.

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Special protective equipment for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

Flash point data for this chemical are not available; however, it is probably combustible.

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.

Personal precautions: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.

Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Keep in a dry place.

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Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.

Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.

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Stable under recommended storage conditions.

Not flammable or combustible.4-HYDROXYACETANILIDE is sensitive to light. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. .

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Oxidizing agents

Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. - Carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides (NOx).

• Oral: LD50 Rat oral 2400 mg/kg
• Inhalation: no data available
• Dermal: no data available

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Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of paracetamol. There is inadequate evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of paracetamol. Overall evaluation: Paracetamol is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).

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• Toxicity to fish: LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow) age 33 days, length 24.6 mm, weight 0.246 g; Conditions: flow through, 24.7°C, dissolved oxygen 5.9 mg/L, hardness 51.0 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 45.0 mg/L CaCO3, pH 7.4; Concentration: 814 mg/L for 96 hr /99% purity
• Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water Flea) age 6-24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20°C, pH > or =7.0; Concentration: 13000 ug/L for 24 hr (95% confidence interval: 6000-32000 ug/L); Effect: intoxication, immobilization /formulated product
• Toxicity to algae: no data available
• Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available

AEROBIC: Acetaminophen has been categorized as readily biodegradable following acclimation(1). A half-life of 20 days has been reported for acetaminophen using an activated sludge inoculum(2). Half-lives of 40 and 17 days were observed when using activated sludge inoculums acclimated to phenol(3) and cresol(4), respectively. Acetaminophen reached 94% of its theoretical BOD in 6 days using an activated sludge inoculum and the Zahn-Wellens test(5). The rate constants for non-adapted, phenol-adapted, and cresol-adapted activated sludge (sludge concentrations of 500, 10, and 50 mg/L) were 0.141X10-2, 0.713X10-3, and 0.215X10-2 1/hr, respectively(6); half-lives are 21, 40, and 13 days, respectively(SRC). Acetaminophen, present at 100 ug/L, exhibited biodegradation rates of 0.014/hr and 0.00051/hr in 5 days using Tamlya and Tsumeta River water (Japan), respectively, and the OECD 301-A river die-away test. The corresponding half-lives are 50 and 1400 hours, respectively(7).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for acetaminophen(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.46(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of acetaminophen is estimated as 21(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.46(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that acetaminophen is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of acetaminophen is 9.38(4), indicating that this compound will exist partially in the anion form in the environment and anions generally adsorb less strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). However, low mobilty was observed in soils with a high organic content. Kd values of 46 and 36 in clayey silt and silty sand, respectively, have been reported when the test compound was applied in standard dilution(6). Kd values of 45 and 41 in clayey silt and silty sand, respectively, have been reported when acetaminophen was applied as a test sludge; the average Kd value of 42 indicated low mobility(6). Acetaminophen, present at <0.009 ug/L, was not detected in leachate water (treated effluent from a muncipal wastewater treatment facility) following a 23-day soil column leaching experiment using Mohall-Laveen sandy loam (detection limit = 0.009 ug/L)(7).

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The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.

Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.

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• CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
• ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
• RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
• IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
• IATA: International Air Transportation Association
• TWA: Time Weighted Average
• STEL: Short term exposure limit
• LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
• LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
• EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

• IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
• HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
• IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
• eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
• CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
• ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
• ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
• Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
• ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/