克百威

Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 2

Acute toxicity - Inhalation, Category 2

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) - Category Acute 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 1

Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statement(s)	H300 Fatal if swallowed H330 Fatal if inhaled H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P284 [In case of inadequate ventilation] wear respiratory protection. P273 Avoid release to the environment.
Response	P301+P310 IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… P320 Specific treatment is urgent (see ... on this label). P391 Collect spillage.
Storage	P405 Store locked up. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
Disposal	P501 Dispose of contents/container to ...

none

Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention. See Notes.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Refer for medical attention . See Notes.

This material is extremely poisonous. May be fatal if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin. Contact may burn skin or eyes. Probable lethal oral dose to humans 5 to 50 mg/kg or 7 drops to 1 teaspoon for 150 lb. person. (EPA, 1998)

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Carbamates and related compounds/

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Use foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Carbofuran (Carbamate pesticides, liquid, toxic)/

May release nitrogen oxides. Containers may explode in heat of fire. Avoid alkalies. Stable under neutral or acid conditions. (EPA, 1998)

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.

Personal protection: self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Treatment techniques which may be effective in removing carbofuran from drinking water: include adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC) or powdered activated carbon (PAC), reverse osmosis (RO), and oxidation by ozone, or ozone/ultraviolet.

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.

Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Separated from food and feedstuffs. Keep in a well-ventilated room.Separated from food and feedstuffs. Keep in a well-ventilated room.

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 0.1 mg/cu m.

no data available

Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.

Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.

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Stable under neutral or acid conditions, unstable in alkaline media

CARBOFURAN is a carbamate ester. Carbamates are chemically similar to, but more reactive than amides. Like amides they form polymers such as polyurethane resins. Carbamates are incompatible with strong acids and bases, and especially incompatible with strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is produced by the combination of active metals or nitrides with carbamates. Strongly oxidizing acids, peroxides, and hydroperoxides are incompatible with carbamates. This compound is unstable in an alkaline media. .

no data available

Alkaline substances, acid, strong oxidizers (e.g., perchlorates, peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, permanganates).

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/.

• Oral: LD50 Guinea pig oral 9.18 mg/kg
• Inhalation: LC50 Guinea pig inhalation 43 mg/cu m/4 Hr
• Dermal: LD50 Rabbit percutaneous 2550 mg/kg /Active ingredient as wettable powder/

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Cancer Classification: Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans

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• Toxicity to fish: LC50; Species: Salmo trutta (Brown trout) weight 0.5 g; Conditions: static bioassay, 12°C; Concentration: 560 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence limit 475-660 ug/L) /Technical material, 99%
• Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50; Species: Daphnia magna (water flea); Condition: static; Concentration: 29 ug/L for 48 hr; Effect: immobilization
• Toxicity to algae: EC50; Species: Microcystis aeruginosa (Blue-Green Algae) grown in HGZ media; Conditions: freshwater, static, 24°C; Concentration: 4649.7 ug/L for 96 hr; Effect: decreased population biomass /98% purity
• Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available

AEROBIC: Under laboratory conditions and 8 weeks of incubation, 77% of applied carbofuran remained in sterile muck while only 25% remained in non-sterile muck; 50% remained in sterile loam while none remained in non-sterile loam(1). The rate of CO2 release two weeks after incubating a vineyard soil with carbofuran was 40 times greater than when the soil had been autoclaved(2). Carbofuran was rapidly lost from cornfield soils both with and without a history of carbofuran use, but virtually no loss was observed when the soil was autoclaved(3). The main metabolite of carbofuran in soil is 3-ketocarbofuran; small amounts of 3-hydroxycarbofuran, carbofuran phenol, and 3-ketocarbofuran phenol were also present(4). The dominant fate of the carbonyl group of carbofuran, once added to non-history soils, is hydrolysis of the carbamate bond followed by rapid mineralization of the methylamine(5). Non-sterile samples exhibited a lag phase followed by a period of rapid hydrolysis; the reaction is essentially complete after 14 days with CO2 production from 77.6-100% of the added labeled carbofuran(5). A half-life of 8-10 days was determined for carbofuran in paddy soils. In pond water, a biodegradation half-life of 2 days was reported for early rice and 5-6 days for late rice treated with carbofuran(6). Carbofuran dissipation from paddy water was rapid with an estimated dissipation time for 50% initial concentration (DT50) of 3 days and a DT95 of 13 days; the DT50 from paddy soil was about 10 days and the DT95 was 42 days; dissipation was due to both hydrolysis and biodegradation(7).

A BCF for carbofuran of 117 was measured using Tilapia nilotica which were exposed over a 30-day period(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC), provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC).

The Koc of carbofuran was studied in 43 surface soils (0-15 cm) from Sri Lanka, 28 soils were from the wet zone, 15 from the dry zone, Koc values ranged from 7.3 to 120.6 with a mean and median of 41.65 and 36.1, respectively(1). The Koc range of 8 European soils was determined to be 48.6 to 110.0(2). Carbofuran had an average Koc of 105 measured in three soils with an organic content ranging from 0.68 to 2.01%(3). A mean Koc value of 29.4 was determined for 5 different soils(4). Based on measured Rf values, carbofuran was found to be mobile to very mobile in sandy soil, sandy loam, silty clay, and silty loam soil, moderately mobile in silty clay and silty clay loam soil, and only slightly mobile in muck soil(5). Koc values ranging from 24 to 123 were determined for sand, sandy loam, creek sediment, and an organic soil(6). According to a recommended classification scheme(7), these measured Koc values indicate that carbofuran has very high to high mobility in soil(SRC). Laboratory studies found carbofuran leached through soil, but tests in a corn field found that carbofuran traveled only to a depth of 7.5 cm over 22 weeks which included periods of heavy rain; the formulated product was found to leach less than the technical product(8). Carbofuran adsorbed more strongly to red loam soil than sandy loam soil with adsorption due to organic matter and clay content of the soil(9). Carbofuran was detected in agricultural drain water from a rice growing area at a total of 1.72-11.03% during a 54-80 day period after flooding(10).

no data available

The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.

Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.

no data available

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• CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
• ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
• RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
• IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
• IATA: International Air Transportation Association
• TWA: Time Weighted Average
• STEL: Short term exposure limit
• LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
• LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
• EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

• IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
• HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
• IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
• eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
• CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
• ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
• ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
• Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
• ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/