Janex 1 is a Janus tyrosine kinase 3 (JAK3) inhibitor. Inhibition of JAK3 has been shown to exhibit protective action against the development of T1D in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Janex 1 has been shown to suppresses proliferation of short-term cultured NOD CD4+ T cells through induction of apoptosis, while promoting survival of a particular population of long-term cultured cells. It ameliorates the expression of TNF-α-induced cell adhesion molecules and improves myocardial vascular permeability.