| Product name | 1,1-Dichloroethane |
|---|
| Product number | - |
|---|---|
| Other names | 1,1-dichloro ethane |
| Identified uses | For industry use only. Volatile organic compounds |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
| Company | MOLBASE (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co., Ltd. |
|---|---|
| Address | Floor 4 & 5, Building 12, No. 1001 North Qinzhou Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China |
| Telephone | +86(21)64956998 |
| Fax | +86(21)54365166 |
| Emergency phone number | +86-400-6021-666 |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
Flammable liquids, Category 2
Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 4
Eye irritation, Category 2
Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Category 3
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 3
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements| Pictogram(s) |   |
|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour H302 Harmful if swallowed H319 Causes serious eye irritation H335 May cause respiratory irritation H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P233 Keep container tightly closed. P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment. P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/...] equipment. P242 Use non-sparking tools. P243 Take action to prevent static discharges. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P273 Avoid release to the environment. |
| Response | P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower]. P370+P378 In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish. P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. |
| Storage | P403+P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P405 Store locked up. |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to ... |
none
3.Composition/information on ingredients 3.1 Substances| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,1-Dichloroethane | 1,1-Dichloroethane | 75-34-3 | none | 100% |
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaledFresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.
In case of skin contactRemove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.
In case of eye contactFirst rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
If swallowedRinse mouth. Refer for medical attention .
4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayedINHALATION: Irritation of respiratory tract. Salivation, sneezing, coughing, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. EYES: Irritation, lacrimation, and reddening of conjunctiva. SKIN: Irritation. Prolonged or repeated skin contact can produce a slight burn. INGESTION: Ingestion incidental to industrial handling is not considered to be a problem. Swallowing of substantial amounts could cause nausea, vomiting, faintness, drowsiness, cyanosis, and circulatory failure. (USCG, 1999)
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessaryTreatment: Treatment is largely supportive. Watch for respiratory depression and dysrhythmias. Obtain arterial blood gases. Administer oxygen if there is evidence of altered mental status or dyspnea. Treat hypotension with volume expansion and vasopression. Use lidocaine or beta-adrenergic blockers for ventricular dysrhythmias. /Dermal exposure/: Remove contaminated clothing. ... Wash affected area with soap and copious amounts or water. /Ocular exposure/: Irrigate the eye for 15 to 20 minutes. Obtain ophthalmic consultation if symptoms persist. After ingestion: Simple aspiration with a nasogastric tube may be effective because these compounds are liquid. Activated charcoal is probably ineffective. /Inhalation/: Move patient away from the contaminated area. Provide a source of oxygen and prepare for mechanical ventilation. Enhancement of Elimination: Hemodialysis or hemoperfusion is not likely to be useful because of the lipophilic properties of these solvents. Hyperbaric oxygen is experimental. ... Antidotes: Acetylcysteine may restore glutathione stores depleted by the production of free radicals; however, its role in limiting carbon tetrachloride-induced hepetotoxicity remains investigational. Supportive Care: Watch for cardiac dysrhythmias, aspiration pneumonitis, hepatotoxicity, and hypoxic encephalopathy. Monitor for dysrhythmias for at least 24 hours and for hepatorenal failure for approximately 3 days. Obtain a chest radiograph, arterial blood gas, ECG, serum creatinine, and hepatic aminotransferase. Check electrolyte imbalance daily. Treat renal failure with dialysis and hepatic failure with fresh frozen plasma, vitamin K, a low-protein diet, neomycin, and lactulose. Watch fluid and electrolyte balance. /Halogenated hydrocarbons/
5.Fire-fighting measures 5.1 Extinguishing media Suitable extinguishing mediaSuitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemicalSpecial Hazards of Combustion Products: When heated to decomposition emits highly toxic fumes to phosgene. Behavior in Fire: Explosion hazard (USCG, 1999)
5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fightersWear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
6.Accidental release measures 6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency proceduresUse personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.
6.2 Environmental precautionsPersonal protection: self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning upACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas; Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided; Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.
7.Handling and storage 7.1 Precautions for safe handlingAvoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilitiesFireproof. See Chemical Dangers. Cool.Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
8.Exposure controls/personal protection 8.1 Control parameters Occupational Exposure limit valuesRecommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hour Time-Weighted Average: 100 ppm (400 mg/cu m).
NIOSH considers ethylene dichloride; hexachloroethane; 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane; and 1,1,2-trichloroethane; to be potential occupational carcinogens. Additionally, NIOSH recommends that ... 1,1-dichloroethane ... be treated in the workplace with caution because of ... structural similarity to the four chloroethanes shown to be carcinogenic in animals.
Biological limit valuesno data available
8.2 Appropriate engineering controlsHandle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE) Eye/face protectionSafety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protectionWear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Respiratory protectionWear dust mask when handling large quantities.
Thermal hazardsno data available
9.Physical and chemical properties| Physical state | colorless with ether flavored oily liquid |
|---|---|
| Colour | Colorless, oily liquid |
| Odour | Aromatic ethereal odor |
| Melting point/ freezing point | -96.7ºC |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 57.3ºC at 760 mmHg |
| Flammability | Class IB Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 22.78°C and BP at or above 37.78°C.Highly flammable. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit | Lower flammable limit: 5.4% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 11.4% by volume |
| Flash point | -10ºC |
| Auto-ignition temperature | 457.78°C (USCG, 1999) |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | Neutral |
| Kinematic viscosity | 0.464 mPa s at 25°C; 0.362 mPa s at 50°C |
| Solubility | less than 1 mg/mL at 20°C |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value) | log Kow = 1.79 |
| Vapour pressure | 234 mm Hg at 25°C ; 182 mm Hg at 20°C |
| Density and/or relative density | 1.168 g/cm3 |
| Relative vapour density | 3.44 (Relative to Air) |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
no data available
10.2 Chemical stabilityStable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactionsA very dangerous fire hazard ... when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible.1,1-DICHLOROETHANE can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. It is incompatible with strong bases. Contact with strong caustics will cause formation of flammable and toxic gas. It will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings.
10.4 Conditions to avoidno data available
10.5 Incompatible materialsIncompatible materials: Oxidizing agents
10.6 Hazardous decomposition productsWhen heated to decomposition, it emits toxic fumes of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene.
11.Toxicological information Acute toxicity- Oral: LD50 Rat oral 725 mg/kg
- Inhalation: LC50 Mouse inhalation 17300 ppm/2 hr
- Dermal: no data available
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritationno data available
Respiratory or skin sensitizationno data available
Germ cell mutagenicityno data available
CarcinogenicityCLASSIFICATION: C; possible human carcinogen. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on no human data and limited evidence of carcinogenicity in two animal species (rats and mice) as shown by an increased incidence of mammary gland adenocarcinomas and hemangiosarcomas in female rats and an increased incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas and benign uterine polyps in mice. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: None. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Limited.
Reproductive toxicityNo information is available on the reproductive or developmental effects of ethylidene dichloride in humans. Retarded fetal development (but no malformations) was observed in animals from inhalation exposure to ethylidene dichloride.
STOT-single exposureno data available
STOT-repeated exposureno data available
Aspiration hazardno data available
12.Ecological information 12.1 Toxicity- Toxicity to fish: no data available
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: no data available
- Toxicity to algae: no data available
- Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available
AEROBIC: Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons are generally considered to be resistant to biodegradation(1). Using an aerobic static-screening-flask test method with a municipal waste water sewage inoculum, 5 and 10 ppm 1,1-dichloroethane incubated for 7 days resulted in 50 and 29% degradation, and 19 and 4% evaporation, respectively(2). No degradation was detected when 1,1-dichloroethane was incubated for 8-16 weeks with uncontaminated samples of subsurface material taken from positions immediately above and below the water table at Pickett, OK and Fort Polk, LA(3). Using well monitoring data from a landfill with a contamination history, the half-life of 1,1-dichloroethane under sulfate-reducing conditions at 10°C was approximated to be 115 days(4). A soil microcosm study simulating gas composition in landfill soil covers found that 1,1-dichloroethane was degraded, but at a rate much slower than 1,2-dichloroethane(5).
12.3 Bioaccumulative potentialAn estimated BCF of 7 was calculated in fish for 1,1-dichloroethane(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.79(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). All of the chloroethanes have an elimination half-life of < 2 days as measured by whole body levels in exposed bluegills(4).
12.4 Mobility in soilThe measured Koc of 1,1-dichloroethane in soil has been reported to be 30(1,2). Sorption studies using sea sediment taken from the Belgian Continental Shelf of the North Sea in October 1993 determined a Koc of 9.2(3). According to a classification scheme(4), these Koc values suggest that 1,1-dichloroethane is expected to have very high mobility in soil. 1,1-Dichloroethane was readily leached from material representative of waste at land disposal sites(5) and was found in leachate from a simulated landfill lysimeter used to study the codisposal of metal plating sludge and municipal waste(6).
12.5 Other adverse effectsno data available
13.Disposal considerations 13.1 Disposal methods ProductThe material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packagingContainers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
14.Transport information 14.1 UN Number| ADR/RID: UN2362 | IMDG: UN2362 | IATA: UN2362 |
| ADR/RID: 1,1-DICHLOROETHANE |
| IMDG: 1,1-DICHLOROETHANE |
| IATA: 1,1-DICHLOROETHANE |
| ADR/RID: 3.1 | IMDG: 3.1 | IATA: 3.1 |
| ADR/RID: II | IMDG: II | IATA: II |
| ADR/RID: no | IMDG: no | IATA: no |
no data available
14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Codeno data available
15.Regulatory information 15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1,1-Dichloroethane | 1,1-Dichloroethane | 75-34-3 | none |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Not Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
| Creation Date | Aug 17, 2017 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | Aug 17, 2017 |
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
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